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Grade 4 - English Language
Subjects And Predicates

Parts of a Sentence

A sentence can be divided into two parts:

1) Subject: The subject of a sentence tells you who or what the sentence is about. A subject is either a common noun, a proper noun or a pronoun.

Examples:

  • Sally went to the store.
    Sally is the subject of the sentence.
  • The tired men and women walked home quietly.
    The tired men and women is the subject of the sentence.

2) Predicate: The predicate of a sentence tells what the subject is doing. The predicate contains the action, linking, and/or helping verb. In other words, rest of the sentence apart from the subject is the predicate.

Examples:

  • Sally went to the store.
    went to the store is the predicate of the sentence.
  • Jack and Jill had a great fall.
    had a great fall is the predicate of the sentence.
The predicate can be further subdivided into verb, complement, object, etc
  • A complement is that which describes the subject and completes the meaning of the sentence.
    Example: Jill sings well ('well' is the complement).

  • An object is another noun which shows the action of a transitive verb on itself.
    Example: Jill closed the door ('door' is the object).

Patterns of Sentences

There are seven basic patterns of sentences:
  1. Subject + Verb (S + V)
    Example: The lion roars.
    The lion - Subject
    roars - Verb

  2. Subject + Verb + Adverb (S + V + Adv)
    Example: The lion roars loudly.
    The lion - Subject
    roars - Verb
    loudly - Adverb

  3. Subject + Verb + Adjective (S + V + Adj)
    Example: The lion is hungry.
    The lion - Subject
    is - Verb
    hungry - Adjective

  4. Subject + Verb + Noun (S + V + NC)
    Example: The lion is an animal.
    The lion - Subject
    is - Verb
    an animal - Noun

  5. Subject + Verb + Object (S + V + O)
    Example: Dan likes apples.
    Dan - Subject
    likes - Verb
    apples - Object

  6. Subject + Verb + IndirectObject + Direct Object
    Example: My friend gave me a present.
    My friend - Subject
    gave - Verb
    me - Indirect Object
    a present - Object

  7. Subject + Verb + Object + Object Complement (S+V+O+OC)
    Example: Students found the exercise easy.
    Students - Subject
    found - Verb
    the exercise - Object
    easy - Object Complement
Directions: Answer the following questions:
  1. Explain subjects and predicates in your own words. Write examples.
  2. Write at least one example for each of the sentence patterns described above.
  3. As a homework, write at least ten sentences from any book and identify the subjects and predicates in them.
  4. From the same book, find examples for each of the sentence patterns described in this chapter.

Q 1: What is the complete predicate of this sentence? Jack, James, Micheal, and Ron played touch football on the field.
played touch football
on the field
played touch football on the field.
Jack, James, Micheal, and Ron

 Q 2: What is the simple predicate of this sentence? Ten students signed up for the swimming class this fall.
ten students
signed up for the swimming class this fall

Q 3: What is the simple predicate in this sentence? Sponge Bob chased the jellyfish with a net.
chased
net
jellyfish
Sponge Bob

 Q 4: What is the simple subject of this sentence? Jan went to the store to get some milk.
went to the store
Jan

Q 5: What is the complete subject in this sentence? The happy boy rode his bike to the school and parked it next to the door.
boy
The happy boy
bike
school

 Q 6: What is the simple predicate in this sentence? Sally and Molly walked around the playground while watching Sue and Jan play on the slide.
watching
walked around
Sally and Molly
walked

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 Question 8: This question is available to subscribers only!

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 Question 10: This question is available to subscribers only!


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